In October 1960, Eastern Air Lines Flight 375, a Lockheed Electra L-188, crashed following takeoff from Logan International Airport in Boston. A large number of dead starlings were found on the runway, helping investigators to determine the cause of the accident as bird ingestion causing a loss of power in three of the aircraft's engines. The accident brought about industry-wide recognition of the danger of bird ingestion and the FAA initiated a research program into turbine engine bird ingestion. This 1965 FAA Advisory Circular reviewed the bird hazard threat and FAA sponsored research programs; it also discusses airport and municipal responsibilities and bird deterrents to help reduce the hazard.